arch完美升级glibc

DeveloperWiki:usrlib

All files in the /lib directory have been moved to /usr/lib and now /lib is a symlink to usr/lib.

所有的lib下的库现在全都移到了/usr/lib下。现在前者是后者的一个软链接

During this update, pacman will identify a conflict in the /lib directory with the message:

升级期间如果出现如下错误

error: failed to commit transaction (conflicting files)
glibc: /lib exists in filesystem
Errors occurred, no packages were upgraded.

Warning:DO NOT USE --force!This will seriously break your system. If you are coming to this guide too late and you have already used --force... there are ways to fix your system.Thesetwodo not even require a rescue disk.

千万不要使用--force选项强制升级，如果你已经挂了就参考论坛上另外的文章

In the simplest case, the update can be performed by doing:

最简单的方式：

pacman -Syu --ignore glibc,curl
pacman -Su

Note:for installs that have not been updated during 2012, it will save you some time to do:

pacman -U http://pkgbuild.com/~allan/glibc-2.16.0-1-<arch>.pkg.tar.xz

where <arch> is replaced by i686 or x86_64 as required. Add a single "-d" if needed.

There are two possible issues that might occur during this update.

Contents

[hide]

• 1Issue 1: glibc dependency errors
• 2Issue 2: The final "pacman -Su" still has conflicts in /lib
  • 2.1Packages that own files in /lib
  • 2.2Unpackaged files
• 3Success

Issue 1: glibc dependency errors

If running "pacman -Syu --ignore glibc,curl" gives:

warning: ignoring package glibc-2.16.0-2
warning: cannot resolve "glibc>=2.16", a dependency of "gcc-libs"

...

:: The following packages cannot be upgraded due to unresolvable dependencies:
     binutils  gcc  gcc-libs

Do you want to skip the above packages for this upgrade [y/N]

Say "y" to skipping the packages, then install them all using (e.g.):

pacman -Sd binutils gcc gcc-libs

跳过检测包依赖

Warning:If pacman is part of this list, install the glibc-2.16.0-1 package from the above note first, to prevent breakage.

Note the use of a single "-d" only ignores the versioning of dependencies and not the actual dependency itself. Then finish the update using:

pacman -Su

Issue 2: The final "pacman -Su" still has conflicts in /lib

检测包含有lib中的文件的包并卸载或升级这些包

Packages that own files in /lib

If after this the "pacman -Su" still has conflicts with /lib, this is likely because a package on your systemother than glibcowns files in /lib. Such packages can be detected using:

$ grep '^lib/' /var/lib/pacman/local/*/files

These packages need rebuilding so as not to include the /lib directory. They can also simply be uninstalled and reinstalled again after upgrading glibc. The the final "pacman -Su" will successfully install glibc if there are no untracked files (see the next section).

Unpackaged files

This means that you have files or folders still in /lib or pacman thinks a package apart from glibc still own /lib. You can see which package own files in /lib by using:

$ find /lib -exec pacman -Qo -- {} +

pacman -Qo /lib/*
这个命令可以找到不被任何包依赖的文件（……）。google文件名即可。
一般只要卸载这些软件包就可以了，当然也可重装（如果软件升级了的话）。
可能还会有如下错误
error: cannot determine ownership of directory '/lib/modules'
这是一些老版本kernel的驱动模块什么的，因为arch滚的特别快，所以就被抛弃了……
然后直接rm或者mv即可

If any package apart from glibc is listed as owning a file, that package needs to be updated to install its files in /usr/lib. Any files unowned by a package should either be deleted or moved to /usr/lib and any directories within /lib need deleted (after they are empty...).

One common source of files in /lib is left overs from running depmod after upgrading the kernel, but prior to reboot. The kernel modules included with thelinuxpackage in the repositories are now stored in/usr/lib/modules.

Success

You can confirm the update is complete by looking in your root directory to see that lib is a symlink to usr/lib.

$ ls -ld /lib

lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     7 Jul 11 21:10 lib -> usr/lib

成功升级后lib将会软链接奥usr/lib

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